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Biscari massacre
The Biscari massacre was a war crime committed by members of the United States Army during World War II.〔Giuseppe Federico Ghergo. ''14 luglio 1943: il massacro di Biscari'' in ''Storia Militare'' n° 133, October 2004 (pp. 4–7)〕 It refers to two incidents in which U.S. soldiers were involved in killing 73 unarmed Italian and German prisoners of war (POWs) at regia aereonautica airport nr 504 in Santo Pietro, a little Village near Caltagirone, southern Sicily, Italy) on 14 July 1943.
==Background==
As part of the Allied invasion of Sicily, the Seventh United States Army under Lieutenant General George S. Patton and the British Eighth Army under General Sir Bernard L. Montgomery invaded the southeast corner of the island on 10 July 1943. As part of Lieutenant General Omar H. Bradley’s II Corps, the 45th Infantry Division was given a difficult task despite the fact that it was the only "green" division participating in the invasion. The 45th Division's 157th and 179th Infantry Regiments were tasked with capturing several coastal towns and the Comiso Airport before linking up with the 1st Canadian Infantry Division.
The 180th Infantry Regiment was tasked with capturing the Biscari airfield and linking up the US 1st Infantry Division.〔Atkinson, (2007), pp. 37–8.〕 The 180th Infantry Regiment performed so poorly in the first 48 hours of the landing that Major General Troy Middleton considered relieving its commander. Instead, the assistant division commander was sent to exercise close supervision over the regiment.
During the capture of the Biscari airfield on 14 July 1943, troops of the 180th Infantry killed a total of 71 Italian and two German POWs in two separate incidents. In the first incident 35 Italians and two Germans were killed, while 36 Italians were killed in the second incident.〔Weingartner (November 1989), pp. 24-39.〕〔Robbins (2000), pp274-6.〕〔Borch (2013), pp. 1–6.〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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